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A waveform generator is a classification of a signal generator used to generate electrical waveforms over a wide range of signals. Common types of waveforms outputs include sine wave, square wave, ramp or triangular wave, pulse wave, cardiac pattern wave, gaussian pulse waves, arbitrary waves. These waveforms can be injected into a test circuit and analyzed to confirm the device is operating properly.

Arbitrary waveform generators are very user-friendly and can be used to test a circuit’s design in just a few steps.

1. Enable the output control.
2. Choose the desired waveform type, such as wine wave, square wave or arbitrary wave.
3. Connect the waveform generator to an oscilloscope to visualize and capture your signal.
4. Configure the desired frequency and amplitude.
5. Attach the output leads to your device under test.

A function generator has a preset list of waveforms or patterns that it can play. The operator can change the parameters of a waveform, such as how fast it’s played, the amplitude and offset, or add basic distortion or modulation.

An arbitrary waveform generator is a more complex instrument that can produce almost any waveform you can imagine. Arbitrary waveform generators are essentially sophisticated playback systems that deliver waveforms based on stored digital data that describes the constantly changing voltage levels of an AC signal. These instruments are typically used to produce custom compiled waveforms—rather than pre-set common waveforms.

There are many types of signal generators, including function generators, arbitrary waveform generators, and vector signal generators. To clarify terminology used in this space and see the differences between each type of signal generator, view the chart below.