任意波形產生器

A waveform generator is a piece of electronic test equipment used to generate a variety of electrical signals. These signals act as a stimulus to a device under test (DUT), allowing engineers to verify a circuit's performance, troubleshoot issues, or simulate real-world conditions. The types of signals can range from simple, standard waveforms to complex, user-defined patterns.

A waveform generator is a general term that refers to any instrument capable of producing electrical waveforms. This includes both function generators (also known as AFGs—Arbitrary Function Generators) and arbitrary waveform generators (AWGs). The key difference lies in waveform flexibility and complexity:

Function Generators / AFGs typically produce standard waveforms such as sine, square, triangle, and pulse. Some may offer limited arbitrary waveform capabilities, but they are generally optimized for ease of use and basic signal generation.

Arbitrary Waveform Generators (AWGs) are more advanced instruments designed to generate highly complex, user-defined waveforms with precise control over timing, amplitude, and shape. They are ideal for simulating real-world signals, such as sensor outputs, communication protocols, or distorted waveforms used in stress testing.

波形產生器是訊號產生器的一種分類，其用於在廣泛訊號上產生電子波形。    常見的波形輸出類型包括正弦波、方波、斜波或三角波、脈波、cardiac 模式波、高斯脈波和任意波。可以將這些波形注入測試電路中並進行分析，以確認裝置正常操作。

任意波形產生器非常容易使用，只需要幾個步驟即可用於測試電路的設計。

1. 啟用輸出控制。
2. 選擇所需波形類型，例如正弦波、方波或任意波。
3. 將波形產生器連接到示波器以視覺化及擷取訊號。
4. 設定所需的頻率與振幅。
5. 將輸出引線連接到測試中的裝置。

函數產生器具有可播放的預設波形或圖型清單。操作員可以變更波形的參數，例如播放速度、振幅和偏移，或新增基本失真或調變。

任意波形產生器是一種更複雜的儀器，幾乎能夠產生您可以想像到的任何波形。任意波形產生器本質上是複雜的播放系統，它會根據儲存的數位資料提供波形，這些數位資料描述了交流訊號不斷變化的電壓位準。這些儀器通常用來產生自訂編譯波形，而非預設通用波形。

有許多訊號產生器類型，包括函數產生器、任意波形產生器和向量訊號產生器。 若要明確在此處使用的術語並查看每種訊號產生器類型之間的差異，請檢視下圖。