Cable TV Spectrum Analyzer

Characteristics

The following specifications and features apply after a 15­minute warm-up period and after all normalizations, including reference normalizations, have been performed. CATV characteristics represent typical performance and are dependent on general spectrum analyzer specifications. CATV characteristics need not be verified independently providing that all spectrum analyzer specifications are verified.

Cable TV Measurements

Channel Selection -

Visual and aural carriers displayed when channel number is entered or front-panel selected

Tune Configuration: STD, HRC, IRC and custom; configured using 2715 PC software

Channel Range: 0 to 999; configured using 2715 PC software

Frequency Range: 1 MHz to 2.15 GHz; dependent on selected Channel Table

Visual Carrier Frequency -

Measured with internal counter to 1 Hz resolution with accuracy of 5x10^-7 x Carrier Frequency ±10 Hz ±1 Least Significant Digit

Visual-to-aural Carrier Frequency -

Aural carrier measured with internal counter relative to visual carrier

Difference Range: 1 MHz to 10 MHz (depending on selected channel table) for an amplitude difference of ≤30 dB and aural carrier to noise ≥15 dB (300 kHz RBW)

Resolution: 1 Hz

Accuracy: ±15 Hz for visual-to-aural carrier difference ≤8 MHz

Visual Carrier Peak Level -

Absolute peak amplitude measured with preamp off

Amplitude Range: -18 dBmV to +58.8 dBmV for visual carrier to noise ≥30 dB (300 kHz RBW) and total input power ≤+70 dBmV

Frequency Range: 15 MHz to 1015 MHz

Resolution: 0.1 dB

Absolute Accuracy: ±2.5 dB for visual carrier to noise ≥30 dB (300 kHz RBW); for FM signals, carrier to noise ≥33 dB (100 kHz RBW)

Relative Accuracy: ±0.5 dB relative to adjacent channel, ±1.2 dB relative to all others

Visual-to-aural Carrier Level Difference -

Difference Range: 0 to 30 dB for aural carrier to noise ≥15 dB (300 kHz RBW)

Resolution: 0.1 dB

Accuracy: ±0.75 dB for aural carrier to noise ≥15 dB (300 kHz RBW)

Digital Channel Averaged Power -

Averaged amplitude measured with preamp off

Amplitude range: -30 dBmV to +37 dBmV (multichannel) or -30 dBmV to +52 dBmV (preselected)

Resolution: 0.1 dB

Absolute accuracy: ±2.5 dB

Carrier to Noise -

Default noise floor is a normalized 4 MHz bandwidth measured relative to the visual carrier peak

Range and Accuracy: See Figure 1

Resolution: 0.3 dB

Gated, in-service measurement is in-band; non-gated, in-service measurement is at guard band below channel boundary

Digital Channel Desired to Undesired Ratio -

Channel averaged power is divided by total noise plus distortion power in the channel

Range and Accuracy: See Figure 2

Resolution: 0.3 dB

Modulation Depth -

% AM measured from sync tip to lowest white level in 10 sweeps (VITS line used if defined in channel table)

AM Range: 50% to 95%

Resolution: 0.1%

Accuracy: ±2% for visual carrier to noise ≥40 dB (300 kHz RBW)

Hum/Low-frequency Disturbance -

Power line frequency measured on an unmodulated visual carrier and low frequency disturbance measured on the modulated carrier

AM Range: 1% to 10% peak-to-peak

Resolution: 0.1%

Accuracy: ±1% for hum ≤5% and visual carrier to noise ≥25 dB (300 kHz RBW); ±2% for hum <10% and visual carrier to noise ≥25 dB (300 kHz RBW)

Frequency Response -

For fixed-amplitude scrambling or no scrambling, system amplitude variations (flatness) are displayed relative to a reference trace stored during frequency-response reference setup

Range: 5 dB/div

Resolution: 0.2 dB

Flatness Accuracy: ±0.75 dB

In-channel Response -

Expresses maximum variance in amplitude within some specified frequency range within a particular channel, given a "flat" test signal over that same specified range. The variance is referenced to the average of the highest and lowest amplitude within the frequency range.

Range: ±3 dB

Resolution: 0.1 dB

Accuracy: ±0.5 dB

Test signal line number must be specified for in-service measurements

Digital Channel Adjacent Channel Leakage -

Averaged power in adjacent channel(s) is divided by averaged power for the test channel

Range and Accuracy: See Figure 3

Resolution: 0.3 dB

Carrier Survey -

Absolute peak amplitude of each visual carrier is measured and each associated aural carrier level is measured relative to the visual carrier for selected channels. Frequency counted only in ACCUR FREQ/AMPL mode.

Visual Carrier (FREQ/AMPL and ACCUR AMPL modes)

Amplitude Range: -18 dBmV to +58.8 dBmV for visual carrier to noise ≥30 dB (300 kHz RBW) and total input power ≤+70 dBmV

Frequency Range: 15 MHz to 1015 MHz

Resolution: 0.1 dB

Absolute Accuracy: ±2.5 dB for visual carrier to noise ≥30 dB (300 kHz RBW); for FM signals, carrier to noise ≥33 dB (100 kHz RBW)

Relative Accuracy: ±0.5 dB relative to adjacent channel, ±1.2 dB relative to all others

Visual Carrier (FAST AMPL mode)

Amplitude Range: -18 dBmV to +58.8 dBmV for carrier to noise ≥30 dB (300 kHz RBW) and total input power ≤+70 dBmV

Frequency Range: 15 MHz to 1015 MHz

Resolution: 0.3 dB

Absolute Accuracy: ±2.7 dB for carrier to noise ≥30 dB (300 kHz RBW); for FM signals, carrier to noise ≥33 dB (100 kHz RBW)

Relative Accuracy: ±0.8 dB relative to adjacent carrier; ±1.5 dB relative to all other channels

Aural Carrier (FREQ/AMPL and ACCUR AMPL modes)

Difference Range: 0 dB to 30 dB for aural carrier to noise ≥15 dB (300 kHz RBW)

Resolution: 0.1 dB

Accuracy: ±0.75 dB for aural carrier to noise ≥15 dB (300 kHz RBW).

Aural Carrier (FAST AMPL mode)

Difference Range: 0 dB to 30 dB for carrier to noise ≥15 dB (300 kHz RBW)

Resolution: 0.3 dB

Accuracy: ±1.1 dB for carrier to noise ≥15 dB (300 kHz RBW)

Analog Channel CTB and CSO -

Measured relative to visual carrier peak according to NCTA recommendations

Range and Accuracy for INTERACTIVE and AUTO modes: See Figures 4, 5 and 6

Only ±4 dB curve applies to SINGLE SWEEP and CONTINUOUS modes

Resolution: 0.3 dB

Digital Channel CTB and CSO -

Measured relative to the averaged power of the test channel

Range and Accuracy: See Figures 7 and 8

Resolution: 0.3 dB

Aural (FM) Deviation -

Peak FM deviation is measured for the selected channel

Range: 10 kHz to 50 kHz; usable to 80 kHz

Accuracy: ±4 kHz

Cross Modulation -

Peak of fundamental component of 3rd­order distortion at horizontal sync frequency (AM) measured on the unmodulated visual carrier

Range: 48 dB. For cross modulation levels below -20 dBc, equivalent frequency domain measurement of cross modulation results in a range of 58 dB.

Resolution: 0.1 dB

Accuracy: ±2 dB for cross modulation <36 dB; ±3 dB for cross modulation <48 dB

Listen Mode -

Selected channel's aural carrier is FM demodulated and output fed to speaker or headphone jack; instantaneous peak FM deviation is displayed. If positive polarity video is selected, then AM audio will be demodulated.

View Picture Mode - Visual carrier is demodulated and displayed.

View Modulation (Field) - One video field of the selected channel's video is displayed.

View Modulation (Line) -

VITS line displayed; If VITS line isn't specified in channel table, line 17 displayed. Line number user-selectable.

TV Line Selection: Use FREQ/MKRS knob

Line Format: NTSC or PAL

Line Range: 1-525 (NTSC); 1-625 (PAL)

Sweep Time: 10 µsec/div

Spectrum Analyzer Specifications

Frequency Related

Frequency Range -

9 kHz to 1800 MHz

Opt. 50 and 75: 9 kHz to 2150 MHz

Center Frequency Accuracy - 5 x 10^-7 of center frequency ±700 Hz

Frequency Counter Accuracy - 5 x 10^-7 of center frequency ±10 Hz ±1 LSD (least significant digit)

Dot Marker Frequency Accuracy - Center frequency accuracy +3% of span, typical

Frequency Counter Readout Resolution - 1 Hz or 1 kHz, selectable

Typical Long-term Drift - ±2 ppm/year

Short-term Drift -

≤400 Hz maximum drift between correction cycles (with SPAN/DIV ≤20 kHz)

Opt. 50 and 75: ≤500 Hz above 1.8 GHz

Residual FM -

≤100 Hz p-p/20 msec at ≤20 kHz span/div

Opt. 50 and 75: ≤120 Hz above 1.8 GHz

≤2 kHz_p-p/20 msec at >20 kHz span/div

Opt. 50 and 75: ≤2.4 kHz above 1.8 GHz

Resolution Bandwidth (-6 dB) -

5 MHz, 1 MHz, 300 kHz, 100 kHz, 30 kHz, 10 kHz, 3 kHz, 1 kHz and 300 Hz

RBW Shape Factor (60 dB/6 dB) - ≤7:1 for RBW ≤1 MHz

Noise Sidebands -

≤-70 dBc at 30 x RBW for RBW ≤100 kHz

Opt. 50 and 75: ≤69 dBc above 1.8 GHz

Video Filter -

Auto: approximately 1/100 of RBW

Manual: 3 Hz to 300 kHz in 1-3 sequence or WIDE. Off: approximately RBW

Frequency Span/Div Range - 100 MHz to 1 kHz selected in 1-2-5 sequence or any value from 100 MHz to 1 kHz via the keypad or UTIL menu, plus 180 MHz (MAX SPAN) and 0 Hz. Opt. 50 and 70: 215 MHz/div (MAX SPAN).

Span Accuracy - ±3% measured over the center eight divisions

Amplitude Related

Flatness -

±2 dB (relative to reference level at 100 MHz) measured with 10 dB internal RF attenuation (preamp off)

Opt. 50 and 75: ±3 dB above 1.8 GHz

Vertical Display Modes - 10, 5, 1 dB/div, Linear

Measurement Range - -90 dBmV (preamp on) to +68.8 dBmV (-139 to +20 dBm)

Display Dynamic Range -

80 dB maximum (Log Mode); 8 divisions maximum (Linear mode)

Opt. 50 and 75: Dynamic range reduced if there is signal energy at or near 2.11 GHz. Baseline will typically rise to within 10 to 20 dB of signal applied near 2.11 GHz

Reference Level Range -

Log Mode: -21.2 dBmV to +68.8 dBmV (-70 to +20 dBm); -41.2 dBmV to +48.8 dBmV with preamp on

Linear Mode: 10.83 µV/div to 342.33 mV/div (1.08 µV/div to 34.23 mV/div with preamp on)

Reference Level Steps -

Log Mode: 1 dB or 10 dB

Linear Mode: 10.83 µV/div to 342.33 mV/div in 1-2-5 sequence; ≥0.2 div/increment with FINE REF LVL STEP activated

Display Amplitude Accuracy -

10 dB/div: ±1.0 dB/10 dB to a maximum cumulative error of ±2.0 dB over the 70 dB range and a maximum cumulative error of ±4.0 dB over the 80 dB range; accuracy and range specifications are affected by the SNR of selected RBW and are valid only for the maximum specified in the following table:

5 dB/div: ±1.0 dB/10 dB to a maximum cumulative error of ±2.0 dB over the 40 dB range

1 dB/div: ±1 dB maximum error over the 8 dB range

Linear Mode: ±5% of full scale

RF Attenuation Range - 0 to 50 dB in 2 dB steps

Maximum Sensitivity (at 300 Hz RBW) - -78 dBmV (-127 dBm); -90 dBmV (-139 dBm) with preamp on

Spurious Response (Preamp Off)

Residual Spurious Response -

≤-51 dBmV (≤-100 dBm) with 0 dB RF attenuation, except at 1780 MHz where the spurious response is ≤-41 dBmV (≤-90 dBm)

Opt. 50 and 75: ≤-26 dBmV (-75 dBm) at 2.0 GHz

3rd Order IM Distortion -

≤-70 dBc from any two on-screen signals with any frequency span

Opt. 50 and 75: typically ≤65 dBc at 2.15 GHz

2nd Harmonic Distortion - ≤-66 dBc measured with 1st mixer input level of ≤+9 dBmV

LO Emission -

≤-21 dBmV (≤-70 dBm) with 0 dB RF attenuation

Opt. 50 and 75: ≤-21 dBmV (≤70 dBm) (sweep above 350 MHz)

<+29 dBmV, typical (-20 dBm) (sweep below 90 MHz)

0 Hz Spur - ≤+39 dBmV (≤-10 dBm) reference to input with 0 dB RF attenuation

Input Related

RF Input -

75 ohm BNC with quick change to 75 ohm type F connector

Opt. 50: 50 ohm Type N connector

VSWR -

With RF Attenuation ≥10 dB: 1.5:1 maximum to 1 GHz

With 0 dB RF Attenuation: 2:1 maximum to 1 GHz

Maximum Safe Input - +70 dBmV (0.1 W or 2.2 V) continuous peak with 100 VDC blocking capacitor

1 dB Compression Point - ≥+34 dBmV (-15 dBm) with 0 RF attenuation and 1st mixer at +19 dBmV (-30 dBm)

Sweep Related

Sweep Selections - Normal, single sweep and manual scan

Sweep Times - 1 µsec/div to 2 sec/div in a 1-2-5 sequence

Sweep Accuracy - ±10% over the center 8 divisions

Trigger - Free run, internal, external, line, TV line and TV field

Trigger Amplitude -

Internal: One division or more of signal

External: 100 mV peak minimum; DC coupled (15 Hz to 1 MHz)

Other Inputs/Outputs

External Trigger - BNC connector, 10 kilohm impedance, DC coupled, 0.1 µsec minimum pulse width; 50 V (DC + pk AC) maximum

External Video Input - 100 ohm impedance DC coupled; 0-50 kHz BW; 0-1.6 V (200 mV/div typical) signal input for vertical deflection of CRT beam

Video Output - 0-1.6 V of video signal, inversely proportional to vertical display amplitude; 0 V is top of screen; 1 kilohm impedance

Sweep Gate Out - TTL level that is HI while CRT beam sweeps

Sweep Output - +1.3 to -1.3 V, negative-going ramp, proportional to the horizontal sweep; output impedance ≤50 ohm

Digital Communications - Either RS-232 or GPIB interface provided as a no-cost option

Environmental

Temperature -

Operating: 0° to +50°C (MIL T-28800E)

Nonoperating: -55° to +75°C

Humidity - Nonoperating: Five cycles (120 hrs) in accordance with MIL-Std-28800E, Class 5

Vibration - Meets MIL T-28800E, Method 514, Procedure X (modified)

Shock - Operating and nonoperating: Three guillotine-type shocks of 30 g, one-half sine, 11 ms duration each direction along each major axis; total of 18 shocks

Altitude -

Operating: 15,000 ft.

Nonoperating: 50,000 ft.

Electromagnetic Compatibility -

EC92 EMC Directive 89/336/EEC:

Emissions:

EN50081-1

Radiated emissions, 30 MHz to 1 GHz: EN55022 Class B (CISPR 22 B)

Conducted emissions, 150 kHz to 30 MHz: EN55022 Class B (CISPR 22 B)

Conducted emissions, power line harmonics, 0 to 2 kHz: IEC 555-213

Immunity:

EN50082-1

Electrostatic discharge, 8 kV, IEC 801-2

Radiated immunity, 27 MHz to 500 MHz, IEC 801-3

No response above -90 dBm in a 3 V/meter field

Fast transients, capacitive clamp, 1 kV power leads, 500 V control leads, IEC 801-4

Power line surge, 1 kV differential mode, 2 kV common mode, IEC 801-5

General Characteristics

Power Requirements - 105 W maximum (1.4 A) at 115 V, 60 Hz; operates 48 Hz to 440 Hz, 90 to 132 VAC or 48 Hz to 63 Hz, 90 VAC to 250 VAC; battery power option available

Physical Characteristics

Other Capabilities

Markers - Single marker/delta marker; next right, next left peaks; next lower, next higher peaks; (highest) peak find; marker to center frequency; select start/stop frequencies; transpose DELTA markers

Measurement Modes - Noise, carrier-to-noise, bandwidth (user-definable "dB down" points), 99% occupied bandwidth, signal search and cable TV measurements (see Cable TV)

Time Delay Setup - Uses built-in time-of-day clock to initiate measurement sequences and sequence repeat interval; START TIME, REPEAT INTERVAL, RUN N TIMES

PC-Based Software Package - Provides report generation, test data analysis, data history, channel tuning table definition, user-defined program definition, limits checking, alarming and 271X display transfer

Nonvolatile Memory -

Lithium battery backup, 124 K available; used to save cable TV measurement results, setup table parameters, large user-definable key routines, antenna tables and channel tuning tables

Saved Displays: 108 maximum

Saved Front-Panel Setups: 36 maximum

Digital Storage Display - Selectable acquisition modes of positive peak only, positive/ negative peak; SAVE A, B, C and active D trace; up to four traces on screen; MAX HOLD A, B; MIN HOLD C; B, C minus A; TITLE MODE; digital storage off provides analog display

Ensemble Averaging - Provides weighted averaging of display, results in reduction of measured noise values and impulse signals

Direct Entry of Control Parameters - Frequency, span/div, reference level; RBW, video filter, vert. scale and sweep rate through the menu

Internal Preamp - Preamp can be switched in/out of circuit (degrades flatness above 600 MHz, provides a maximum of 12 dB sensitivity improvement)

Alternate Reference Level Units - dBm, dBmV, dBV, dBµV, dBµW, dBµV/m (dBmV and dBµV only in CATV measurement mode)

dBµV/m Mode - Automatically compensated field strength measurement with up to five user-selected antennas

User-Definable Power-On Status - Instrument powers up to user-definable state or supplied default settings

Constant Rate Tuning - Same on-screen tuning sensitivity regardless of span/div selection

Center Measure - Signal nearest center frequency is centered with frequency and peak amplitude automatically read out (not a marker mode); the centered signal is counted

Signal Track - Drifting signal is kept at display center with correct frequency and peak amplitude displayed

Graticule Illumination - Contrast enhancement for CRT photography

Direct Plot/Print - Supports Epson FX and LQ Series compatible Printers using RS-232 interface or HPGL compatible plotters through the GPIB interface

External Tracking Generator Opt. 5 - Provides scalar analysis for checking/aligning filters, amplifiers, cables or most 2-port networks. Includes LO output port.

TV Sideband Analyzer/LO Output Opt. 15 - Provides a 1st LO output for a 1405 TV Sideband Analyzer for frequency-agile modulator sweep

Rackmount Opt. 30 - Converts unit to a rack-mounted installation; 5.25-in. rack height, 19-in. rack width

Portable-to-Rack Adapter Opt. 34 - Provide rack-mounting of instrument in standard enclosure with handle, offering immediate instrument portability when needed; 7-in. rack height, 19-in. rack width